1205号台风“泰利”影响下台湾海峡风浪特征分析

Analysis of the “Talim”(NO.1205) typhoon wave at the Taiwan Strait

利用相对密集的海上浮标和岸基台站观测资料,分析、总结了1205号台风"泰利"影响期间台湾海峡及周边海域的风浪特征,得到如下结论:(1)台湾海峡东南海域海浪始终相对较大,过程极值出现在该区域的七股浮标;(2)台风中心位于台湾海峡中部和南部时,海峡中线浪高自台风中心向外递减,台风中心位于台湾海峡北部时,海峡中线浪高自台风中心向外递增;(3)台湾海峡西南侧1号浮标风速曲线两次出现漏斗型向下波动;(4)在13个主要浮标站点中有8个浮标的风浪经验相关系数未达到高度相关。本文从台风机构、风浪成长要素、相关天气系统、台湾海峡特殊地形、边界层风场环流等方面分析了台湾海峡的台风浪分布特征及形成机理,研究成果可为该类型台风浪预报提供参考。

Based on the observation data derived from buoys and shore stations, the wave characteristics around Taiwan Strait affected by 1205 typhoon＂Talim＂were analyzed. The results showed, firstly, the wave was relative huge in the southeast area of Taiwan Strait, and extreme values during the typhoon process were founded at seven buoy stations. Secondly, waves at north of Taiwan Strait is lower than these at south when the typhoon center is located in the north of Taiwan. Thirdly, wind speed at No.1 buoy suddenly reduced twice. Fourthly, the correlation coefficients between wind and wave at eight buoys of thirteen buoys were not higher enough. These wave characteristics are closely related with the special topography around Taiwan Strait and wind wave growth relations, and also with other weather system. These wave characteristics are understood to get a better prediction of the typhoon waves.