西安市非结核分枝杆菌感染现状调查分析

Epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria in Xi'an,China

目的了解西安市结核病患者中非结核分枝杆菌感染情况。方法收集西安市胸科医院检验科分离培养的分枝杆菌临床菌株,利用两步PCR方法及PCR产物直接测序的方法进行菌种鉴定。结果经鉴定发现,收集的202株分枝杆菌中有195株为结核分枝杆菌,3株为牛结核分枝杆菌,2份为鸟分枝杆菌,1份为堪萨斯分枝杆菌,1份为灰色链霉菌,非结核分枝杆菌感染率为1.5%(3/201)。结论西安市尚存在一定比例非结核分枝杆菌感染,进一步菌种鉴定有利于临床正确诊断和合理用药治疗。

Nontuberculous mycobacteria（NTM）are all the other mycobacteria which do not cause tuberculosis or leprosy.Recently,NTM disease presents a rising tendency in the world.The most common clinical manifestation of NTM disease is lung disease.The clinical symptoms of pulmonary NTM disease are similar to pulmonary TB but most of the NTM are resistant to anti-TB drugs.In order to examine the prevalence of NTM in Xi＇an,two-step PCR and PCR-sequencing were used to identify the NTM strains from all the mycobacterial clinical isolates in this study.Of all the 202 clinical isolates,195 were M.tuberculosis,3were M.bovis,2were M.avium,1was M.kansasii,1was Streptomyces griseus,and the prevalence rate was 1.5%（3/201）.Our research showed that there was a certain proportion of NTM disease in Xi＇an.The result indicates that strain identification is necessary for clinical resistant cases and can provide reference for clinical treatment.