水溶性煤基酸对除草剂生物活性的影响

INFLUENCE OF COAL-BASED HUMIC ACIDS ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF HERBICIDES

利用室内生物测定的方法研究了三种不同来源的水溶性煤基酸对六种除草剂(2,4-D丁酯、草甘膦、巨星、禾大壮、乙草胺和百草枯)生物活性的影响.结果表明:水溶性煤基酸对2,4-D丁酯、草甘膦和巨星的生物活性有明显的增效作用;加快了禾大壮的作用速度;对乙草胺的生物活性影响较小;却使百草枯失去了活性.三种不同来源的水溶性煤基酸对除草剂生物活性的影响程度不同,经化学降解制备的水溶性煤基酸略高于从风化煤中直接提取的水溶性煤基酸.通过水溶性煤基酸对溶液表面活性以及对除草剂渗透性的影响,初步探讨了水溶性煤基酸影响除草剂生物活性的机理.

The effects of six berbicides(2,4 D butyl ester,paraquat,glyphosate,acetochlor,molinate and tribenuron methyl)alone and bonded to bumic acids(HA) from Wuchuang,Huolinhe and Jincheng coals on biological activity of herbicides were compared by suitable bioassay methods.The effectiveness of humic acid combined with paraquat,glyphosate and acetochlor were tested on cucumber plantlets,with acetochlor and molinate on China corn weed,and with tribenuronmethyl on maize plumule.2,4 D butyl ester HA,glyphosate Ha,molinate HA and tribenuronmethyl HA complexs showed a higher biological activity with respect to the herbicide.On the contrary,the acetochlor after interaction with HA did not show any change and paraquat herbicide activity was reduced.The humic acids from different coals had different synergic function and the extent was not same for six herbicides.Finally,the mechanism of interaction between HA and herbicides was discussed.