稻田氮磷养分损失途径及影响因素研究进展

An Overview on Losing Path of Fertilizer Nitrogen and Phosphorus and Their Influencing Factors in Paddy Field

水稻是我国主要的粮食作物,稻田氮、磷肥损失及其带来的环境问题已成为研究热点。主要围绕稻田氮、磷养分损失现状、影响因素进行综述,提出对稻田氮磷养分管理对策。减少氮磷养分损失可以通过适当减施、改变肥料投入方式、改善田间管理模式以及施用新型的缓控释肥料等途径实现,同时应充分利用养分资源特征,形成一套集成技术,因地制宜,为生产提供理论以及技术上的支撑。

Rice is an important cereal crop in China. The loss of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P） and their consequent environment problems have become hot issues in recently years. Current status of the N and P losing and their influencing factors were summarized, and nutrient management strategies were put forward in this paper. Reducing the consumption of fertilizer, changing the fertilizer input mode, improving field management mode and using slow/controlled release fertilizer could decrease the loss of N and P. Moreover, nutrient resource characteristics should be made best use to establish an integrated technology and provide theoretical and technical support for the production.