行驶环境对高速列车侧风运行气动特性影响

Effect of running environment on the aerodynamic characteristic of high speed train under the crosswind

在环境侧风下,不同路况高速列车的空气动力特性会影响列车的安全舒适运行.通过数值模拟方法,探讨行驶环境对高速列车侧风运行气动特性的影响.计算结果表明:3种路况下头车、中间车和尾车的气动六分力系数均不相同,特别是路堤路况下的各节车的侧向力系数均明显大于平地和高架桥路况.而在平地和高架桥路况下,尾车受到的侧向力远比头车和中间车的小,且方向为逆侧风方向.这种差异性,主要是由于不同路况下列车的绕流流场发生了显著变化所致;因此,在研究高速列车空气动力特性时,要综合考虑不同路况下的差异性,才能够全面评估高速列车气动特性.

Under the environmental crosswind, the aerodynamic characteristic of the high-speed train worsens further under the different road conditions. It endangers the security and comfortableness of the train. By using the numerical simulation method, effect of running environment on the aerodynamic characteristic of high speed train under the crosswind is explored. The result of calculation indicates that the six pneumatic component coefficient is not the same on the head train, middle train and rear train under the three kinds of road conditions. Especially, the side force coefficient of all the sections under the embankment is obviously greater than under the flat ground and the viaduct. While under the flat ground and the viaduct, the side force on the rear train is far less than the head and the middle train. And it is acted in the contrary direction. The difference is caused by the remarkable change of the flow field under the different road conditions. So, when studying the aerodynamic characteristic of high-speed train,the difference under the road conditions must be considered synthetically, and it can be assessed roundly.