参观学习单的分层设计——基于“使用与满足”理论的实践研究

Layered design Worksheets:the practice research based on the use and gratifications approach

参观学习单作为科普场馆教育活动的中介工具被认为能提高参观质量，但目前关于其针对性、有效性的研究，尚处于起步探索阶段，是个值得关注的领域。本文以亲子家庭为研究对象，结合“使用与满足＂理论，针对参观学习单使用者的不同年龄进行分层设计，通过两轮比较实验和一轮修改完善，发现其具有很好的辅助参观效果，学习单接受度、参观学习质量均有所提升，促进了科普场馆中的学习行为。

Worksheet,as an intermediary tool of museums in popularizing science knowledge,is deemed to improve the efficiency of visiting and learning.However,the current research on the pertinence and effectiveness of worksheet has not got enough attention.This paper takes the family as its research objects based on the uses and gratifications theory to design worksheets.Uses and gratifications theory is mainly to get more pertinence and efficiency due to participants with different levels,as well as getting better science communication effects.According to the design-based research framework,after two-round comparative tests and one more perfective work,the research discovered that the layered-design worksheets can help the users among different age groups to get a better visiting and learning experience.The acceptability of the worksheets and the quality of visiting and learning make a great improvement,which finally promotes the learning activities in the museums.