狼尾草对土壤柴油污染和盐分胁迫的适应性

Adaptability of Pennisetum alopecuroides to Diesel Oil-Contaminated Soil and Salt Stress

为了探究狼尾草(Pennisetum alopecuroides)对柴油和盐分的适应性,进行了狼尾草盆栽柴油单因素实验和Na Cl-Na_2SO_4-Na HCO_3正交实验。柴油单因素实验的4个处理分别为0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%,每个处理3个重复。在Na Cl-Na_2SO_4-Na HCO__3正交实验中,实验设计为3因素4水平,采用L16(45)正交表,Na Cl、Na_2SO_4和Na HCO_3的4个水平分别为0%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%,每个处理3个重复。测定了两个实验中狼尾草幼苗体内的N和P含量、水溶性钙、醋酸溶性钙和盐酸溶性钙含量以及RNA和蛋白质含量,分析了狼尾草幼苗对柴油及不同盐分胁迫的适应性。研究结果表明,添加柴油处理,狼尾草幼苗水溶性钙(Ca^(2+))含量显著增加,N/P比值随柴油含量增加而显著增加;相对于Na HCO_3和Na_2SO_4,狼尾草对Na Cl耐受力较差,随着Na Cl含量增加,狼尾草幼苗水溶性钙含量和蛋白质含量均显著增加。表明土壤柴油污染使得狼尾草幼苗体内N/P比值增大,从而限制狼尾草正常生长;狼尾草对盐分有一定的耐受性,狼尾草通过增加Ca^(2+)含量和蛋白质含量来提高其耐盐性。狼尾草对柴油污染有一定的耐受力,且有一定的耐盐能力,可作为盐渍地原油污染土壤的修复植物。

To explore the adaptability ofPennisetum alopecuroidesto diesel oil and salts, the pot experiments forP. alopecuroides seedlings were performed using orthogonal experiment method with NaCl-Na2SO4-NaHCO3, single factor experimentwith diesel oil. In the single factor experiment, four levels for diesel oil were 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%, respectively. In theorthogonal experiment with the L16(45) orthogonal table, four levels of three factors (NaCl, Na2SO4and NaHCO3)were all 0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively. Each treatment for both experiments had three replications, respectively. We determined the concentrations of N, P, water soluble calcium, acetic acid soluble calcium, hydrochloric acid soluble calcium, RNA and protein inP. alopecuroides seedlings, and analyzed the adaptability ofP. alopecuroides seedlings to diesel oil and different salts. The results showed that, water soluble calcium (Ca2+) increased significantly after adding the diesel oil, the N∶P ratios were increased significantly with the increase of the contents of diesel oil; The concentrations of the water soluble calcium and the protein inP. alopecuroides significantly increased with the increase of the concentration of NaCl, indicating thatP. alopecuroides seedlings had the poor tolerance to NaCl in comparison with NaHCO3 and Na2SO4. This study suggested that, diesel oil pollution in soil can increased N∶P ratios inP. alopecuroides seedlings, andinhibited its normal growth;on the other hand,P. alopecuroides seedlings had certain tolerance to salts by increasing the Ca2+ content and protein content. The result suggestsP. alopecuroides seedlings is of certain tolerance to diesel oil and salts,P. alopecuroidescan be used as a phyto-remediation species for diesel oil-contaminated salinized soil.