喹硫平与利培酮对老年人脑血管疾病所致精神障碍的疗效观察

Curative effect of quetiapine and risperidone for mental disorders caused by cerebrovascular disease in elderly patients

目的观察喹硫平与利培酮对老年人脑血管疾病所致精神障碍的疗效。方法采用回顾性队列研究方法分析南充市身心医院2013年12月-2014年12月收治的84例老年人脑血管疾病所致精神障碍患者的临床资料,均符合《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准(第3版)》(CCMD-3)脑血管疾病所致精神障碍诊断标准。分为研究组和对照组各42例,研究组行喹硫平治疗,对照组行利培酮治疗,观察并比较两组治疗前后简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)评分变化情况、临床总有效率及不良反应情况。结果治疗前两组BPRS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗2周后两组BPRS评分均较治疗前低(P<0.05);两组治疗后BPRS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组和对照组总有效率分别为80.95%、83.33%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组口干、嗜睡、头晕、便秘发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组吞咽困难、锥体外系副反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论利培酮与喹硫平对老年人脑血管疾病所致精神障碍的疗效相当,喹硫平安全性更好。

Objective To observe the efficacy of quetiapine and risperidone in the treatment of elderly patients with mental disorders caused by cerebrovascular disease. Methods The clinical data of 84 senile patients with mental disorders caused by cerebro-vascular disease treated in the Psychosomatic Hospital of Nanchong from December 2013 to December 2014(all meeting the diagnostic criteria of CCMD - 3)were reviewed. The patients were equally divided into two groups,with those given quetiapine as the study group and those treated with risperidone as the control group. Changes of The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale( BPRS)scores,clinical efficiency and adverse reaction before and after treatment were observed and compared between the two groups. Results The BPRS scores before treatment showed no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0. 05),yet after 2 weeks of treatment,the BPRS scores in two group were lower then before treatment(P < 0. 05). The effective rate in study group and control group were 80. 95% , 83. 33% ,respectively,there was no statistically significant difference(P > 0. 05). Incidence of adverse reactions including dry mouth, drowsiness,dizziness and constipation showed no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0. 05). Incidence of dysphagia and extrapyramidal side effects in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P < 0. 05). Conclusion Risperi-done and quetiapine are effective for mental disorders caused by cerebrovascular disease in the elderly,quetiapine group is of lower incidence of adverse reactions.