秦巴山连片特困区地形起伏与人口及经济关系

Relationship of Terrain Relief Degree and Population Economic Development and Evaluation of Development Suitability in Continuous Poor Areas:A Case Study on Qinba of National Contiguous Special Poverty-stricken Areas

为了探讨地形要素对连片特困山区人口格局、经济布局和贫困程度约束作用,基于Arc GIS10.0空间分析技术与SPSS18.0统计分析工具,利用SRTM3-DEM数据,分别对中国典型贫困山区——秦巴连片特困区80个县区的地形起伏的空间特征,地形起伏与人口经济格局之间关系进行探析,并且对秦巴山区发展适宜性进行评价。结果表明:1.秦巴山区各县区地形起伏、人口密度、经济发展水平呈现出显著的由西北向东南方向递减的梯度空间规律。2.区域地形起伏与所在县区人口密度、三次产业结构存在显著的空间负相关,即地区地形起伏越大,人口密度越小,经济发展受限制越强,相反地形越平缓,经济活动则越活跃,人口的空间分布更为集聚。3.地形起伏度是决定区域经济发展的主导因素,但对秦巴山区深入研究发现,市辖区的人口分布与经济发展受地形起伏约束较小,究其根本原因是:市辖区在地方财政收入、基础设施投入力度、人才引进、资源支配、招商引资等方面存在明显的支配地位和集聚优势,较大程度上抵消地形对经济发展的限制。

To explore the effect terrain factors on population distribution,economic development and poverty extent in the continuous poor mountainous area in China. Based on Arc GIS10. 0 spatial analysis and SPSS18. 0 statistical analysis tools,using of SRTM3- DEM data,this paper quantitative analysis spatial characteristics of the elevation,slope space,and itself economic relationship between population in Qinba Mountainous Area,which is Chinese typical poor mountain area including 80 contiguous counties,and evaluated development suitability in this paper. Results shows： 1 The county average elevation slope,and population density,economic development level in Qinba mountainous area showed decreasing space gradient from northwest to southeast; 2 There is a significantly negatively space correlation between regional average elevation,slope and population density,economic development levels,that area elevation,The higher is the relief degree of land surface,the lower is the proportion density and economic development levels,and vice versa; 3 Terrain and slope are the dominant factor of the regional economic development and population distribution,through further comparison found that the municipal districts population and economic are less restricted by average terrain and elevation slope. Because of obvious advantages and the dominant role of agglomeration in local finance,infrastructure,resources utilization,talent introduction,investment promotion and so on,municipal districts is able to suppress the development disadvantage of the natural environment to some extent.