乳牙色素沉着形成原因及其与龋病关系的探究

The research on the the causes of deciduous pigmentation and its relationship with caries

目的了解儿童乳牙色素沉着与龋齿关系,并初步探究色素沉着形成的原因。方法选取福州市闽侯县3所大型幼儿园686名年龄为3~6岁学龄前儿童为研究对象,1名口腔医师采用世界卫生组织推荐的方法进行龋病检查并记录,1名口腔医师检查色素沉着情况并记录,并在以上人群中随机抽取10名乳牙有色素沉着儿童、10名乳牙无色素沉着儿童的唾液1 mL利用分光光度法测定其中钙的含量。还有1名医师以调查问卷的形式对儿童的生活习惯进行数据采集对所得数据进行分析。结果学龄前儿童牙面色素沉着发生率为17.64%男、女性儿童差异无统计学意义（χ~2=2.08,P〉0.05）;有色素沉着儿童患龋率为30.5%,无色素沉着儿童患龋率为57.35%,二者比较差异有统计学意义（χ~2=28.63,P〈0.05）。有色素沉着儿童唾液中钙含量比无色素沉着儿童高。色素沉着的发生与进食有色素的食物、中草药以及蔬菜的频率有关,与刷牙的频率、每天的饮水量以及是否用净水器无关。结论乳牙色素沉着和乳牙龋之间存在负相关关系,但形成乳牙色素沉着的原因多而复杂,有待于进一步探索。

Objective To know the association between deciduous pigmentation and primary dentition caries,and to make the primary research on the reason of deciduous pigmentation.Methods The study was carried out in three big kindergartens in Min Hou,Fuzhou,The study objects were consisted of 686 children（3-6 years old）.One dentist checked and recorded the situation of caries according to WHO criteria,one dentist checked and recorded the situation of deciduous pigmentation.Then we chose 10 children with pigmentation and 10 children without pigmentation,extracted their saliva 1 mL respectively,and detected the content of calcium.One dentist made the questionnaires which includes daytimes＇ habit.These Data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0.Results The prevalence of pigmentation was 17.64%among these 686 children.There was no significant difference between male and female children（χ~2 = 2.08,P〉0.05）.The caries prevalence of children with pigmentation was 30.50%,and the data was 57.35%in children without pigmentation.There was significant difference between them（χ~2=28.63,P〈0.05）.The children with pigmentation have higher calcium content than the children without it.There was some kind of association between pigmentation and the frequency of having food or medicinal herbs containing pigment,and having vegetables.Whereas there was no connection between deciduous pigmentation and daily water intake,using water purifier or not.Conclusion There is a negative correlation between pigmentation and caries.The cause of pigmentation on primary teeth in Chinese preschool children is complex which need furthen research.