Locator种植覆盖义齿的临床疗效观察及评价

Observation and evaluation of the clinical effect of implant-supported overdentures with Locator attachments

目的观察Locator种植覆盖义齿在修复牙列缺失病例的临床效果并探讨种植失败的原因。方法对2010年1月1日至2013年12月31日的58例Locator附着体支持的种植覆盖义齿病例（种植体共计222颗）进行回顾性研究。在一期手术后待骨结合完成,安装Locator附着体,加力至30Ncm,制作全口义齿,均调牙合至平衡牙合的状态。随访1-5.5年,行放射学检查、满意度调查、对颌牙状况检查、记录基台附件的使用情况等信息,对其结果进行统计学分析,初步分析种植体出现失败的原因。结果 222颗种植体中有8颗出现失败。在失败样本量中男女、上下颌、近远中比例分别为5：2、7：1、1：7。対颌牙为天然牙组和种植覆盖义齿组有着较高的失败率。结论 Locator种植覆盖义齿是一种长期有效的无牙颌修复方式,上颌种植覆盖义齿相对于下颌者有着较高的失败率。

Objective This study evaluated the clinical effect of implant-supported overdentures retained with Locator attachments and investigated the cause of implant failure. Methods In this retrospective study, we investigated58 edentulous individuals with locator attachments（222 implants） from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2013. After achieving osseointegration, the locator attachments were connected to implants, torqued to 30 Ncm, and then complete overdentures with the balance of occlusion were applied. We followed these subjects for 1 to 5.5 years, making radiographic test, satisfaction survey, the opposing arch examinations, and recording the attachment＇s usage. The causes of failure in implants were investigated briefly using statistical analysis. Results A total of 222 implants were included in our study, 8 of which failed. Among the 8 failed implants,the proportion of male to female, upper to lower, medial to distal were 5：2, 7：1, 1：7, respectively. Patients wearing the implant-supported overdenture group and the natural tooth group had higher implant failure rate than removable partial denture group and complete denture group. Conclusion Implant-supported overdenture retained with Locator attachments can be an effective method for edentulous patients. The maxillary implant-supported overdentures using Locator attachments demonstrated higher failure rate than mandibular implant-supported overdentures.