油罐清洗技术的发展现状

Development Status of Oil Tank Cleaning Technology

原油是一种由多种烃类组成的复杂混合物,在油罐中进行长时间的储存后,由于重力、压力、温度的综合影响,原油中的杂质和重油性组分会慢慢沉积,最后积累在罐底,变成黑色、黏稠的胶状沉积物,即油罐底泥。底泥的不断增多会对原油的油品质量及储罐的有效容积产生很大影响,因此,必须对油罐进行定期检修和清洗除垢。目前,原油储罐的清洗技术主要包括人工清洗技术、化学清洗技术和机械清洗技术,还可以使用油罐清洗机器人对油罐进行清洗。我国原油储罐清洗技术正从原来的人工清洗技术向机械自动化清洗方向发展。介绍了几种油罐清洗方法,以及油罐清洗后残余油泥的处理方法。

The crude oil is a complex mixture composed of a variety of hydrocarbons. After prolonged storage in the tank, owing to the comprehensive influence of gravity, pressure, temperature, impurities in crude oil and heavy oil group branch deposit slowly and finally accumulated at the bottom of the tank, into the black, sticky, colloidal sediments, namely oil tank sludge. The increasing sediment will have a great influence on the quality of crude oil and the effective volume of the storage tank, Therefore, it is necessary to regular maintenance and cleaning the tank. At present, the oil tank cleaning technology mainly includes the manual cleaning techniques, chemical cleaning technology and mechanical cleaning technology, and tank cleaning robot can also be used to clean the tank. Cleaning technology of oil storage tanks in China is from the original manual cleaning technology to the development of mechanical automation. This paper introduces several methods of tank cleaning, and processing method of residual sludge after tank cleaning.