马克思唯物史观中的生态文明思想探微

Thought on Ecological Civilization in Marxist Historical Materialism

唯物史观是马克思一生两大发现之一,是马克思主义理论的重要基石和主体内容,坚持唯物史观就是坚持马克思主义。深刻把握唯物史观中的生态文明思想是完整而正确地掌握马克思主义的关键。唯物史观是关于自然发展、人类社会发展和人自身发展的最一般规律的科学,是将自然解放、社会解放和人的解放融合在一起的社会整体解放的学说,具有丰富的生态文明思想。合理地调节人类与自然之间的物质变换,创造一个最无愧于和最适合于人类本性的生态环境,实现人、社会、自然有机整体的和谐协调发展,是唯物史观中的生态文明思想的重要内容。唯物史观高度注重生产力对于社会发展的最终决定作用,体现生态文明内涵的生产力是促进人与自然和谐、人与社会和谐以及人与人和谐的生产力,这种生产力本质上是有助于人的自由而全面发展的绿色生产力。

One of the two major discoveries of Marx, historical materialism is a cornerstone, the main content, and the differentiator of Marxism. The thought on ecological civilization contained in Marxism, if properly understood, is key insight into Marxism as it is. As a science of the general law governing Nature's evolution, social progression, and human development as well as a theory about the overall emancipation of society, including the emancipation of nature, of society, and of man, historical materialism contains rich resources that inform ecological civilization. One important part of the thought on ecological civilization in Marxism regards how to regulate the material exchange between man and Nature and to create an ecology most worthy of and agreeable to human nature, so as to realize the concerted development of Nature, society, and man. Historical materialism highlights the determination of social development by productivity. The productivity that informs the intension of ecological civilization is at the same time conducive to the harmony among Nature, society and man. It is essentially a 'green productivity' that contributes to man's free and all-round development.