裕仁天皇战争责任的再检讨

Another Review of Hirohito's War Responsibilities

东京审判未追究裕仁天皇的战争责任,主要是美国减少占领成本的权宜考虑,但也有美国对裕仁天皇在战争中只是被动应对属下、没有积极作用的判断。本文通过检讨裕仁天皇自己的陈述,说明美国的判断是一误判。这一误判所导致的裕仁天皇被免除战争责任,影响极其深远。就东京审判而言,裕仁天皇免责的最大负面作用是使检方提出的第一项、也是最重要的诉因"共同谋议"罪因此而出现关联性的重大缺陷。

The International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo did not investigate or affix the war responsibilities of Emperor Hirohito of Japan, chiefly because the USA intended to reduce the cost of occupation. However, another reason should not be ignored： the USA made a mistake in judgment that Hirohito was passive rather than active in the relationship with his subordinates in the war process. A new review of statements made by Hirohito himself indicates that it was a misjudg- ment. This mistake had far-reaching effect, leading to Hirohito＇s exemption from liability of war. As far as the Tokyo Trial isconcerned, the maximum negative effect of the exemption is that the prosecutors ~ very first and also the most important cause of action, namely, the crime of ＂joint conspiracy＂ was left with major defects in relevance.