秦岭北麓针阔叶混交林水文效应分析

Hydrological Effects of Mixed Coniferous and Broad-leaved Forest in the Northern Slop of Qinling Mountains

通过设置观测场方法,研究了秦岭北麓针阔叶混交林水文效应,结果显示秦岭北麓针阔叶混交林截留雨水的特点是,平均降水量和月降水量,均是林内较林外小;截留率的季节变化以冬、春、秋、夏季依次递减;由于林冠的节流作用,林内径流量为12.38mm,是林外年径流量的50.7%,每公顷年泥沙流失量林内为7.68kg,较林外减少74.5%;林内产生径流的开始时间较林外迟8-15min,而结束时间迟60min左右,径流量为林外的17.1%~25.5%,最大流量为林外的7.9%~49.6%;平均流量为林外的14.8%~21.9%。

Rainfall interception by coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in the north slop of Qinling Mountains is featured with averagely and monthly less within the forest than out of forest.The interception rate is decreased seasonably and successively from winter,spring to autumn and summer.The annual surface rainfall in forest reaches 12.38 mm,50.7% of that outside forest due to canopy interception.The amount of soil erosion per hectare within forest is 7.68 kg,74.5%less comparing with that outside forest.The time generating surface runoff within forest is 8to 15 minutes delayed compared with that outside.The ending time of runoff within forest is 60 minutes delayed compared with ending time outside forest.The amount of surface runoff within forest accounts for 17.1%-25.5%of outside.The maximum surface runoff in forest accounts for 7.9%-49.6% of outside.The average surface runoff in forest accounts for 14.8%-21.9% of outside.