硒对仔鹅生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响

Effects of Selenium on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices,Antioxidant Capacity,Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality of Goslings

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平硒对扬州鹅仔鹅生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取1日龄体重相近的扬州鹅公雏360只,随机分成5组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只。Ⅰ组饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.15、0.30、0.45和0.60 mg/kg硒。试验期70 d。结果表明：1）饲粮中添加硒可显著提高28、70日龄仔鹅的体重（BW）和1～28日龄、1～70日龄仔鹅的平均日增重（ADG）（P〈0.05）,其中Ⅲ组显著高于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）;饲粮中添加硒对料重比（F/G）无显著影响（P〉0.05）。2）饲粮中添加硒对仔鹅血清总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）和球蛋白（GLB）含量影响不显著（P〉0.05）;血清白细胞介素2（IL-2）含量与硒添加水平呈显著二次曲线关系（P〈0.05）。3）饲粮中添加硒对仔鹅血清抗氧化指标影响显著（P〈0.05）,其中Ⅱ和Ⅲ组谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著高于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）,Ⅳ组过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著高于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）,Ⅲ和Ⅳ组丙二醛（M DA）含量显著低于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）。4）饲粮中添加硒对仔鹅全净膛率影响显著（P〈0.05）,对半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率和腹脂率无显著影响（P〉0.05）;饲粮中添加硒显著降低仔鹅胸肌失水率（P〈0.05）,且呈显著的一次线性关系（P〈0.05）,Ⅳ和Ⅴ组显著低于Ⅰ组（P〈0.05）。综合本试验结果,1～28日龄、29～70日龄仔鹅饲粮中硒的适宜添加水平分别为0.28～0.29 mg/kg、0.33～0.35 mg/kg。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary selenium（ Se） levels on growth performance,serum biochemical indices,antioxidant capacity,slaughter performance and meat quality of Yangzhou Goslings. A total of 360 one-day-old goslings with similar initial body weight were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 geese per replicate. Geese in group Ⅰ were fed a basal diet,and the others were fed the diets supplemented with 0. 15,0. 30,0. 45 and 0. 60 mg / kg Se,respectively. The experiment lasted for 70 days. The results showas follows： 1） dietary supplemented with Se significant increased the body weight（ BW） of goslings at 28 and 70 days of age and the average daily gain（ ADG） of goslings at 1 to 28 and 1 to 70 days of age（ P〈0. 05）,and the BW and ADG of goslings in group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ（ P〈0. 05）. Dietary supplemented with Se had no significant influence on feed to gain（ F / G） of goslings（ P〉0. 05）. 2） Dietary supplemented with Se had no significant influence on the content of total protein（ TP）,albumin（ ALB） and globin（ GLB） in serum of goslings（ P〉0. 05）,but had significant influence on serum interleukin 2（ IL-2） with a quadratic curve（ P〈0. 05）. 3） Dietary supplemented with Se had significant influence on serum antioxidant indices of goslings（ P〈0. 05）,the glutathione peroxidase（ GSH-Px） activity and total antioxidant capacity（ T-AOC） in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ（ P〈0. 05）,the catalase（ CAT） activity in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groupⅠ（ P〈0. 05）,the malonaldehyde（ MDA） content in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ（ P〈0. 05）. 4） Dietary supplemented with Se had significant influence on eviscerated rate of goslings（ P〈0. 05）,but had no significant influence on semi-eviscerated rate,breast muscle rate,leg muscle rate and abdominal fat rate（ P〈0. 05）. Dietary supplemented with Se had significant influence on water loss ratio of breast muscle of goslings（ P〈0. 05）,and with a linear relationship（ P〈0. 05）,and the water loss ratio of breast muscle of goslings in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ（ P〈0. 05）. In conclusion,the dietary Se appropriate supplementation for goslings during 1 to 28 days of age and 29 to 70 days of age are 0. 28 to 0. 29 mg / kg and 0. 33 to 0. 35 mg / kg,respectively.