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“大法无法”──浅析德里达《在法的前面》中的解构策略

The Law Means No Law: On Derrida's Deconstruction Strategy in Before the Law
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摘要 通过法国学者雅克·德里达在其理论文章《在法的前面》中,对于弗兰茨·卡夫卡的同名寓言性短篇小说的解构,我们可以看到:一方面,文学的建制离不开法,离开了法就没有文学;另一方面,文学可以解构法,在虚构的限度内超越法。所以,法保护着文学的建制,但同时文学性的法也需要文学的叙述——文学可以解构法的暴力。德里达也经由"用法来解构文学"和"用文学来解构法",讨论了"文学自身之法"与"文学与法之关系",并得出了结论:"文学"正如卡夫卡小说中的那个"法",其起源、本质与真相始终处在"延异"的状态之中。 In a 'homonymous'essay,Derrida deconstructed Franz Kafka's fable Before the Law( Vor dem Gesetz),showing that the institution of literature cannot be separated from law or else there will be no literature and that literature can deconstruct law and exceed it within a fictive measure. Therefore,law protects the institution of literature; meanwhile,the literary law also needs the narration of the latter- literature can deconstruct the violence of law. Through 'Deconstructing Literature by Law 'and'Deconstructing Law by Literature',Derrida illustrated'The Law of Literature Itself'and'The Relationship of Literature and Law'. Then,based on the above,Derrida came to the conclusion: 'Literature'is just like the Kafka's 'Law',the origin,essence and truth of which are always in a state of'Différance'.
作者 周泓远
出处 《外国语言文学》 2015年第4期217-227,286,共11页 Foreign Language and Literature Studies
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