恽铁樵肝脏理论构建的方法、结构及学术演变

Research on the Methods,Structure and Evolution of Yun Tieqiao's Theory about Liver

文章通过对恽铁樵医学著作中关于肝脏理论的论述,对恽铁樵肝脏理论构建的方法、结构及学术演变做一研究。结论:恽铁樵的肝脏腑理论学术体系演变主要可分为两个时期。前期基于"气化论",认为"肝"并不是实体解剖的肝脏,而是授春气的时序的脏腑,肝所表现出来的功能都是气化的结果。中后期,将西医生理病理与中医理论相结合,运用生理解剖及神经生理对"肝藏血""肝郁"等中医理论进行了解释,将实体肝与中医的气化(功能)肝通过病理"形能观"结合在了一起,为现代从肝郁病理反推生理而得出的肝主疏泄理论奠定了病理学基础。厘清恽铁樵学术理论演变的过程,无论是对现代肝脏象理论、中医脏象理论体系构建的研究,还是对现代中医理论的创新都有积极作用。

This article discussed the method,structure and evolution of Yun Tieqiao＇s theory about liver based on his literature works.It can be concluded that Yun＇s theotry evolution can be divided into two periods.The first period was based on ＂Qi transformation＂ theory,which argues that the liver is not a concrete organ but the production of spring qi.The function of liver is the result of the transformation of spring qi.In the second period,Yun incorporated western physiology and pathology into Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）.He further explained TCM terms ＂liver stores blood＂ and ＂liver stagnation＂ from the angle of dissect physiology and neural physiology in western medicine.Also,he connected the function of liver——qi transformation with the anatomic morphology of liver.Therefore,he laid pathology foundation for the theory of ＂liver governs the free flow of qi＂ by firstly examined the pathogenesis of liver stagnation and then observed the function of it.The evolution of Yuns theory has been contributed greatly to the research of liver,doctrine of organ manifestations and TCM theories.