Mechanisms for Realizing the Economic Values of Ecosystem Services

生态服务价值实现机制（英文）

The fact that ecosystem services have values that can be quantified has been widely accepted in recent years. Part of the economic values of ecosystem services have been realized partly by ecological compensation of fiscal transfer payments at different levels, trade and consumption of leisure tourism and ecological products, and carbon sequestration forest funds sponsored by non-governmental capital. However, it remains difficult to realize the economic value of ecosystem services as industrial products and support the coordinated and sustainable development of nature, economy and society. To reveal the role of ecological compensation, consumption of biological products, leisure tourism and ecosystem services trading in realizing the economic values of ecosystem services, we analyzed the composition, transfer and consumption pattern of ecosystem services. In order to provide theoretical and technological support for inter-regional ecological compensation, ecosystem service industry development and ecosystem services trade, the concept of ecosystem services credit and key problems with ecosystem services trading are proposed.

近年来,生态服务具有价值且可以量化已被人类社会广泛接受。尽管各级财政转移支付的生态补偿及休闲旅游、有机质产品的实物贸易与消费和各种民间资本资助的碳汇造林基金等在一定程度上实现了一些生态服务的部分价值,但生态系统产品——生态服务的价值要像工业产品一样获得经济上的实现,以支撑自然—经济—社会协调可持续发展却依然任重道远。本文分析了生态服务价值构成、流转与消费格局,揭示了生态补偿、生物产品消费、休闲旅游及生态服务交易在生态服务价值实现中的作用,由此提出生态服务信用概念和生态服务交易过程中亟待解决的问题,以期为跨区生态补偿、发展生态服务产业、生态服务交易提供理论和技术支撑。