低温冷藏对番红花花芽中碳水化合物和氨基酸含量的影响

Effect of Low-temperature Storage on Contents of Carbohydrate and Amino Acidin Crocus sativus L.

以番红花鳞茎为试材,进行不同变温处理,采用蒽酮比色法、3,5-二硝基水杨酸比色法和高速氨基酸自动分析仪,测定不同时间段花芽内可溶性糖、淀粉、淀粉酶和游离氨基酸含量,探讨低温冷藏与番红花发芽休眠解除之间的关系。结果表明:处理30 d后,可溶性糖含量急剧上升,淀粉含量急剧下降,α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶活性均表现出与可溶性糖含量相似的变化趋势;5℃/10℃处理30 d后花芽中可溶性蛋白质含量显著上升,精氨酸和脯氨酸含量显著下降;3个处理的谷氨酸含量均呈现整体上升趋势;多项测定指标之间呈显著或极显著相关。由此可知,番红花花芽经30 d低温处理后开始解除休眠,且以5℃/10℃处理效果最佳。

The bulbs of Crocussativus were subjected to different poikilothermic treatment.The methods of antorone colorimetry and 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetry,and high speed amino acid analyzer were used to study the changes of soluble sugar,starch,amylase and free amino acids contents,to discuss the relationship of break dormancy between low-temperature storage and flower buds of C.sativus.The results showed that the contents of soluble sugar showed rapidly rising trend,and starch showed rapidly falling trend.The activities of α-amylase and β-amylase showed the similar trends to the contents of soluble sugar after 30 days treatment.The contents of soluble sugar showed the rapidly rising trend.Arginine and proline content showed the rapidly falling trend after 30 days treatment with 5 ℃/10 ℃,and glutamic acid content showed the rapidly rising trend after 3 different treatments.The correlation between indicators was significantly or highly significant.To sum up,the flower buds of C.sativus began to break dormancy after 30 days low-temperature treatment,and the treatment effect of 5 ℃/10 ℃ was the best.