物元模型在水土资源生态安全评价中的应用

Application of Matter-element Model in Ecological Security Evaluation of Soil and Water Resources

水土资源生态安全与人们的生活质量息息相关。该研究从自然、经济、社会安全3个方面建立评价指标体系,利用各评价指标对水土资源生态安全的贡献率来确定指标的权重,引入物元可拓理论,将水土资源综合效益特征及对应的特征量值作为物元,对黑龙江、吉林、辽宁地区水土资源生态安全进行评价。结果表明:2005、2010、2015年生态安全等级先上升后下降,经济安全等级低于生态安全等级,自然、社会安全等级高于生态安全等级。其辽宁生态安全最好,黑龙江生态安全状况最差。森林覆盖率、工业万元产值耗水量、自来水普及率等指标对生态安全贡献最大。农业用水比例、工业万元产值耗水量、环保投资比例等指标安全等级低下,阻碍该地区的水土资源生态安全发展。该评价结果可为当地政府及环保部门政策制定提供理论依据。

The ecological security of earth resources is closely related to people′s quality of life.In this paper,from the aspects of nature,economy,social security set up evaluation index system,using the ecological security evaluation index of soil and water resources has contributed to determine the index weight,the introduction of the matter-element extension theory,the comprehensive benefit of water and soil resources characteristics and the corresponding characteristic value as matter element,water and soil resources in Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning ecological security evaluation.The results showed that in 2005,2010 and 2015,the ecological security level first increased and then decreased,the economic security level was lower than the ecological security level,and the natural and social security level was higher than the ecological security level.It has the best ecological security in Liaoning Province and the worst ecological security in Heilongjiang Province.Forest coverage,industrial production of ten thousand RMB,water penetration rate and other indicators have the greatest contribution to ecological security.The proportion of agricultural water use,the output water consumption of industrial ten thousand RMB and the proportion of environmental protection investment were low,which hinder the development of ecological security of water and soil resources in the region.The evaluation results could provide theoretical basis for the policy formulation of local government and environmental protection departments.