土壤改良剂在植物寄生线虫防治中的应用

Application of Soil Amendments for Management of Plant-parasitic Nematode

土壤改良剂通过增加土壤肥力,改善土壤结构根际微生物群落组成,提高植物抗病性,用来控制植物病害。一系列土壤改良剂,如动物粪便、植物残体、几丁质材料、蛋白质废弃物、矿物质肥料等,已用来防治植物寄生线虫。尽管一些改良剂对线虫控制效果并不总是令人满意,甚至一些研究结果存在争议,但土壤改良剂作为一种传统的生物防治策略,符合环保及健康理念,价格低廉,使用方便,受到各国普遍重视。不同改良剂杀(抑)线虫种群的作用机制不同,了解这些材料在施用过程中的杀(抑)线虫机理,有助于改良剂的利用,提高防治效果。该研究综述了土壤改良剂的主要类型,杀(抑)线作用方式及作用机理,讨论了在防治线虫过程中存在的问题及今后研究方向,以期为土壤改良剂的研究及应用提供借鉴。

Soil amendments have been extensively used for management plant diseases by increasing soil fertility,improving soil rhizosphere microbial community composition and structure,as well as increasing plant disease resistance.A series of soil amendments,such as animal manure,crop residue,chitin material,waste protein,mineral fertilizer have been used for control of plant-parasitic nematodes.Although control effect of some amendments is not always satisfactory,and even exists controversial research results,the soil amendments have brought widely attention by global as a traditional biological control strategy because of conforming to environmental protection and health concept,low expense,easy to use.The action mechanism of those soil amendments in killing or suppression nematode populations is different,understanding the mechanism of these materials in the process of killing or suppression nematodes is contribute to the applying and improving the control effect.This study overviewed the main types of soil amendments,killing(suppression)function mode and mechanism,discussed the challenge in utiliaztion and research direction,in order to provid references for its application in controlling plant-parasitic nematodes and future research studies.