番茄与马铃薯嫁接对其植株源库关系的影响

Effects of Grafting of Tomato and Potato on Their Source-sink Relationship

以‘优选上海908’番茄为接穗,‘丽薯6号’马铃薯为砧木,研究了嫁接对其植株生长,源库器官质量、形态,光合产物分配的影响。结果表明:对照番茄的株高高于对照马铃薯,但茎粗细于对照马铃薯,而嫁接后二者均居于对照番茄与对照马铃薯之间;嫁接显著增加了植株叶面积,嫁接植株的根系体积、长度均显著大于接穗番茄,但与砧木马铃薯差异不显著;嫁接植株最终地上部所结番茄、地下部所结马铃薯的产量与对照差异不显著;嫁接植株的番茄果实和马铃薯块茎的体积、纵横径、单果质量、单株结果数分别与对照番茄和马铃薯差异不显著;此外,嫁接植株叶片可溶性糖和淀粉含量与番茄相差不大,根系中的含量更接近于马铃薯,而枝蔓中的含量居于对照马铃薯与对照番茄之间。可见,嫁接植株地上部和地下部生长势均较旺盛,到开花结果及地下块茎形成时,源库关系开始建立并趋于协调;嫁接后增加了源强,扩大了库容,源库关系达到新的平衡,其产量接近对照番茄与对照马铃薯产量之和,提高了土地利用率。

Taking‘Youxuanshanghai 908’tomato as scion,‘Lishu 6’potato as rootstock,the effects of grafting on plant growth,source-sink organ quality,morphology,and photosynthate allocation were studied.The results showed that the plant height of the control tomato was higher,but the stem diameter was smaller than that of the control potato,and the plant height and stem diameter of the grafted plants were between the control tomato and the control potato;grafting significantly increased the leaf area,and the root volume and length of grafted plants were significantly higher than those of control tomato,but not significantly different with control potato;the yield was not significantly different between the tomato and potato produced by grafting plants and control plants;the fruit volume,vertical and horizontal diameter,single fruit weight,and the number of fruits per plant were not significantly different with between grafting plants and control tomato,and the same was true of grafted potato tubers.In addition,the contents of soluble sugar and starch in the leaves of grafted plant were similar to those of tomato,and the content of root was close to that of potato,while the content of branch was between control potato and control tomato.It could be seen that the growth potential of the shoot and underground part of the grafted plant was vigorous,and the source-sink relationship begins to be established and tends to be coordinated when the flowering and fruiting and the formation of the underground tubers are formed.After grafting,the source strength was increased,the sink capacity was enlarged,and the source-sink relationship reached a new balance.The yield of the grafted tomato was close to the sum of the yield of the control tomato and the control potato,and the land utilization efficiency was improved.