氮磷钾配比对供佛杏土壤养分及果实品质的影响

Effects of N,P,K Fertilizer Application Methods on Soil Nutrients and Fruit Quality of Gongfo Apricot

以7年生供佛杏为试材,通过田间试验研究不同氮磷钾配比(处理A,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=2∶3∶1;处理B,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=3∶3∶1;处理C,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=3∶4∶1;处理D,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=2∶3∶3;对照CK,N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=0∶0∶0)对杏园土壤养分、果实产量、果实品质及杏树生长势的影响。结果表明:在杏树整个生育期内,杏园土壤养分含量呈递减趋势,施肥可提高0～80 cm土层养分含量。与CK相比,处理A、B、C、D的单株产量分别提高了14.56%、13.34%、18.05%和23.28%。多施钾肥可以显著提高果实品质,处理D(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O=2∶3∶3)可滴定酸含量最低,可溶性固形物含量、固酸比最高,分别为12.12%、0.73%、16.75,是提高杏园经济效益的最佳肥料配比方式。

Using 7-year-old Gongfo apricot as test material,the effects of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratios(treatment A,N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶3∶1;treatment B,N∶P2O5∶K2O=3∶3∶1;treatment C,N∶P2O5∶K2O=3∶4∶1;treatment D,N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶2∶3;CK,N∶P2O5∶K2O=0∶0∶0)on soil nutrients,fruit yield,fruit quality and growth potential of apricot were studied by field experiments.The results showed that the soil nutrient content of apricot garden was decreased during the whole growth period,and the soil nutrient content of 0-80 cm can be increased by fertilization.Compared with CK,yield per plant of treatments A,B,C and D could increase 14.56%,13.34.%,18.05%and 23.28%respectively.Enough potassium fertilizer application could improve the fruit quality significantly.Treatment D(N∶P2O5∶K2O=2∶3∶3)with the lowest tickable acid content,the highest soluble solids and solid acid ratio(12.12%,0.73%,and 16.75),so it was the optimum fertilizer application method for apricot tree.