混配蚯蚓粪复合基质对西葫芦育苗的影响

Effects of Mixed Wormcast Matrix on Seedling Raising of Pumpkin

采用单因素随机区组设计,以蚯蚓粪为主要原料,与草炭、珍珠岩不同配比混配设置9种不同处理,分析了不同处理混配基质理化性状,并以西葫芦新品种'盛玉307'为试材,探讨不同处理对该品种育苗的影响,以期为生产上西葫芦育苗提供参考依据。结果表明:T0(纯蚯蚓粪)处理容重较大、总孔隙较少、通气性较差、养分含量表现高磷钾、低氮等特性;T4、T8(不含珍珠岩)处理养分含量多,EC值高,但通气性差;T1、T5(珍珠岩比例较高)处理通气性好,但持水性差,养分含量少;T7、T3(蚯蚓粪、草炭、珍珠岩各占一定比例)处理理化性状整体协调,既有一定的持水保肥性,又有一定的通气性,水气比适中,养分含量较多,EC值较高,有较高的供肥性能。不同混配基质处理对'盛玉307'育苗影响作用显著,其中T7(蚯蚓粪66.7%,草炭26.7%,珍珠岩6.7%)处理培育的幼苗健壮,茎粗4.8mm、叶面积33.17cm2、总根长12cm、根干质量0.226g,壮苗指数0.93,这些指标均显著高于或高于其它处理,育苗效果显著,可作为生产上'盛玉307'优质育苗基质。

Using single factor randomized block design,nine different treatments were set up by mixing wormcast with peat and perlite in different proportions.The physical and chemical properties of different treatment mixtures were analyzed.The effects of different treatments on the seedling breeding of a new pumpkin variety‘Shengyu 307’were discussed.The results showed that T0 treatment(pure wormcast)had larger bulk density,less total porosity,poor aeration,high phosphorus,potassium and low nitrogen;T4,T8 treatment(without perlite)had more nutrient content,higher EC value,but poor aeration;T1,T5 treatment(high proportion of perlite)had better aeration,but poor water holding capacity and low nutrient contentl;T7 and T3 treatment(wormcast,peat and perlite account for a certain proportion each)had overall coordination of physical and chemical properties.They were not only certain water and fertility retention,but also certain aeration,moderate water-air ratio,more nutrient content,higher EC and higher fertilizer supply performance.The seedling growth of‘Shengyu 307’was significantly affected by different treatments.T7 treatment(wormcast 66.7%,peat 26.7%,pearlite 6.7%)resulted in strong seedlings,with stem diameter4.8 mm,leaf area 33.17 cm2,total root length 12 cm,root dry mass 0.226 g and strong seedling index0.93.These indexes were significantly higher than or higher than other treatments.T7 treatment can be used as seedling medium of‘Shengyu 307’.