基于时刻表的城市地铁客流均衡分配模型及方法

Schedule-based equilibrium assignment model and algorithm for urban subway network

运用网络扩展技术,结合城市地铁线网结构和列车时刻表信息,对空间网络的物理站点和区段在时间维度上进行扩展,同时,考虑了乘客在不同线路之间换乘的实际约束,构造了城市地铁的时空网络拓扑结构,并给出了针对地铁时空扩展网络的改进最短路搜索算法.在此基础上,分析和研究了地铁乘客路径选择行为的时效性,考虑了乘车时间、换乘因素以及车内拥挤因素,构建了基于地铁时空扩展网络的路径广义费用模型,提出了基于时刻表的地铁网络客流平衡分配模型,并给出了求解算法.最后,通过一个简单算例对模型及算法的可行性和有效性进行了分析和验证.

The physical space network is expanded in the time dimension by using network expansion technology, combined with the subway network structure and the train schedule information. Simultaneously, the rules of practical passenger transfer between different lines are taken into account. The space-time network is then proposed for urban subway system and an improved shortest search algorithm for such space-time network is also given. On the basis of these, the time characteristic of subway passenger route choice is analyzed and the factors such as travel time, transfer and in-vehicle congestion are all considered. The generalized cost model is formulated based on space-time expansion network. Furthermore, schedule-based equilibrium assignment model with its algorithm is proposed for urban subway network. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the model and algorithm.