噪声暴露对纺织女工血压的影响

Effect of noise exposure on blood pressure in textile female workers

目的调查分析纺织业生产过程中噪声对作业女工血压的影响。方法测定常州市辖区内纺织企业噪声作业场所的噪声强度,并对企业内1 028名接触噪声女工（观察组）和316名非噪声作业女工（对照组）进行职业健康检查,包括血压测定。结果观察组高血压患病率（18.48%）高于对照组（6.65%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。经趋势卡方检验,噪声暴露量与高血压患病率之间存在剂量-反应关系（P〈0.01）。随工龄增加,高血压患病率在10~20 a及〉20 a工龄段观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,OR值分别为3.081（1.554~6.109）,3.768（1.739~8.167）。结论该市纺织企业噪声污染严重,长期噪声作业可增加纺织女工的高血压患病率。

[ Objective] To in vestigate and analyze the effect of productive noise on blood pressure in textile female workers.[ Methods] The noise intensity in workplace of textile enterprises in Changzhou City was tested. 1 028 dust-exposed female workers（the observation group） and 316 female workers who were not exposed to dust（the control group） in the textile enterprises received the occupational health examination, and their blood pressure value was measured.[ Results] The prevalence rate of hypertension in the observation group（18.48%） was higher than that in the control group（6.65%）, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.01）. The trend chi square test showed that there was dose-response relationship between the noise exposure dose and the prevalence rate of hypertension（P〈0.01）. The prevalence rates of hypertension in the working age groups of10-20 years and 20 years in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）, and OR value was respectively 3.081（1.554-6.109） and 3.768（1.739-8.167）.[ Conclusion] The noise pollution is serious in the textile enterprises of Changzhou City, and the long-term noise exposure may increase the prevalence rate of hypertension in textile female workers.