2486例婴儿发育性髋关节异常的超声诊断分析

Ultrasound Diagnosis Analysis for 2486 Cases of Infant Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

目的探讨高频超声在婴儿发育性髋关节异常(DDH)筛查和诊断中的应用价值。方法选取6个月以内婴儿2486例,采用高频线阵探头按照Graf检查法,观察髋关节骨性髋臼、骨性髋臼外侧缘及软骨性髋臼的形态,测量α角、β角,并对髋关节进行Graf分型,划分出正常类型、可疑类型、异常类型。结果 2486例婴儿共4972个髋关节,其中正常3558个,占71.6%;异常110个,占2.2%;可疑共1304个,占26.2%。1304个可疑髋关节,2个月后经X线检查及超声复查,诊断髋关节正常1259个,异常45个。综合两次检查结果,婴儿发育性髋关节异常共155个,检出率为3.1%。结论高频超声检查能对婴儿的髋关节发育情况进行客观评估,提供有价值的临床资料,可作为婴儿DDH早期筛查和诊断的重要手段。

Objective To discuss the effectiveness of application of high-frequency ultrasound in the screening and diagnosis of infant DDH（Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip）. Methods Altogether 2486 cases of DDH infants who were less than 6 months old were selected and scanned by using the highfrequency linear array probe, and then were inspected according to Graf examination methods so as to observe the acetabular hip bone, the lateral acetabular rim hip bone and cartilage acetabular morphology. Then, α angle and β angle of the hip were measured respectively to classify the Graf type into the normal type, suspicious type and the exception type. Results There were a total of 4972 hips in 2486 cases of infants, among which 3558 cases were normal, accounting for 71.6%; 110 cases of exception types, accounting for 2.2%; 1304 cases were classified into the suspicious types, accounting for 26.2%. The X-ray and ultrasound re-examinations made two months later demonstrated that 1259 cases were normal among 1304 cases of suspicious types and there was still 45 cases of exception types. According to the results of two examinations, there were altogether 155 exception types of the developmental dysplasia of the hip, among which the detection rate was 3.1%. Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound proved itself with effectiveness in objective assessment of infant DDH and provision of valuable clinical information, which could be deemed as an important early screening and diagnosis method for infants with DDH.