冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者精神状态评估及干预对疾病的影响

Influence of mental state assessment and intervention on patients with coronary atherosclerotic cardiopathy

目的探讨冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者的精神状态评估及干预对疾病的影响。方法选取2010年4月—2013年12月在成飞医院诊治的冠心病患者320例进行精神状态评估,对筛选出的162例精神状态异常患者随机分为对照组、心理干预组和治疗组,各54例。对照组采用常规临床治疗,心理干预组在对照组基础上实施心理干预,治疗组在心理干预的基础上加用镇静药物。观察3组患者治疗后的精神状态评分及住院时间。结果抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分治疗组、心理干预组均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且治疗组评分低于心理干预组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组总有效率高于心理干预组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组、心理干预组住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且治疗组住院时间短于心理干预组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对冠心病患者进行积极精神状态评估,采取及时的干预,合理使用抗精神药物,可明显改善焦虑和抑郁情绪,提高临床疗效。

Objective To explore the influence of mental state evaluation and intervention on patients with coronary atherosclerotic cardiopathy. Methods Three hundred and twenty patients with coronary atherosclerotic cardiopathy treated in Chengfei Hospital from Apr. 2010 to Dec. 2013 were selected for assessing their mental state,in which 162 screened patients with abnormal mental state were randomly divided into control group,psychological intervention group and treatment group,54 cases in each group. Patients in control group were given routine clinical treatment,and based on that,patients in psychological intervention group were conducted with psychological intervention. Patients in treatment group were added with sedative based on psychological intervention group. The mental state and length of stay of 3 groups were observed. Results Self- Rating Depression Scale（ SDS） score and Self- Rating Anxiety Scale（ SAS） score were lower in treatment group and psychological intervention group than those in control group（ P〈0. 05）,were lower in treatment group than in psychological intervention group（ P〈0. 05）. The total effective rate was higher in treatment group than that in psychological intervention group and control group（ P〈0. 05）. The length of stay was shorter in treatment group and psychological intervention group than that in control group（ P〈0. 05）,was shorter in treatment group than that in psychological intervention group（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Positive mental state assessment,timely intervention,rational use of antidepressant drugs for patients with coronary atherosclerotic cardiopathy can obviously improve anxiety and depression of patients and enhance the clinical efficacy.