哈尼族口头传统“哈巴”研究的学术走向

Review of Academic Trends Regarding the Research on Haba,an Oral Tradition of the Hani People

近年来,哈尼学研究在许多方面都已取得了卓有见地的成果,但是关于其口头传承大宗——"哈巴"却少有基于田野研究视角的明晰阐释。首先,国内学界的"哈巴"研究著述多集中出现于上世纪八十年代,其后的研究中有关"哈巴"的理论表述并无创新;其次,这些研究基本未应用目前国内外口头传统研究或民间文艺学的相关前沿理论,研究方法受到制约;再者,学界通常都将"哈巴"作为哈尼族的民间音乐或曲艺来研究,却忽视了这一特定文类或曰体裁作为一种口头传统的本质。

In recent years prominent progress has been made in many ways in the research on the Hani people. Yet, Haba, an oral tradition of this ethnicity, has rarely been approached explicitly in the form of studies on oral tradition. It is found that most of the research con- cerned was done in the 1980s and there was little innovation. Also, few advanced theories concerning Chinese and international folk literature have been applied. Besides, scholars tend to dition. regard Haba as a folk music or art genre of the Hani people rather than an oral tradition.