文物价值的现象学分析——以敦煌莫高窟为例

A Phenomenological Analysis of the Value of Cultural Relics——A Case Study of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes

正确认识文物价值是文物保护工作的前提和基础,但到目前为止,在文物保护领域的保护和管理工作中,仍没有对文物价值的认识达成共识。文章运用价值现象学方法,以敦煌莫高窟为例对文物价值进行分析,认为文物的价值包括审美价值、工具价值和象征价值,其中象征价值是文物最根本的价值。象征价值的存在使文物具有不可替代性和崇高性,它是文物由于象征了历史而获得的价值。同时,象征价值也是连接文物审美价值和工具价值的关系纽带。

Properly understanding the value of cultural relics is the premise and foundation of cultural relic conservation, yet a consensus has not yet been reached on the value of cultural relics in the field of cultural relic conservation and management. Focusing on Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, this paper uses the analysis methods of value phenomenology to analyze the value of cultural relics and expresses the belief that, among the aesthetic,instrumental, and symbolic values of cultural relics, the most fundamental is symbolic value, which derives fromsymbolization of history in the form of a unique, irreplaceable item. This symbolic value forms the connection between the aesthetic and instrumental values as well.