我国高用水工业行业的界定与划分

Definition and division of industrial sectors with high water consumption in China

本文总结归纳了中国38个工业行业中高用水行业的共同特点,以其共同特点为依据,建立了包括行业用水量、行业产值、万元产值用水量、万元产值排污量和产业发展增速五个指标的行业用水状况评价指标体系。借助SPSS软件,采用因子分析法对各行业的用水情况定量进行了评价并排序。进而,根据评价结果,结合各行业的工艺用水特点、发展前景以及重点产品用水定额标准,集成分析和界定了高用水行业。结果得出:电力热力的生产和供应业、化学原料及化学制品业、黑色金属冶炼及压延加工业、造纸及纸制品业、纺织业、石油加工、炼焦及核燃料加工业可划分为高用水行业。最后,参照各省份的用水定额标准,列出重点高用水产品目录,该目录将为针对高用水行业的节水研究提供基础。

The common characteristics of the industrial sectors with high water consumption among 38 industrial sectors in China are summarized herein. On the basis of their common characteristics,the index system for the assessment on the water consumption status of the industrial sectors is established,which includes five indexes such as the water consumption of the industrial sector,output value of the industrial sector,the water consumption per output value of 10 000 RMB yuan,the pollutant discharge per output value of 10 000 RMB yuan and the increment speed of the industrial sector development. By means of the software of SPSS,the water consumptions of all the industrial sectors are quantitively evaluated and ranked with the factor analysis. Moreover,the high water consumption sectors are integratedly analyzed and defined in accordance with the technological water consumption characteristics,developing prospects and the standards of water consumption quotas for the key products of all the sectors concerned on the basis of the evaluation result. The result shows that the industrial sectors of electrical power and heat production and supply,chemical raw materials and products,ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing,papermaking and paper products,textile,petroleum processing,coking and nuclear fuel processing can be divided into the high water consumption sectors. Finally,the catalog of the key products of high water consumption is listed out by referring to the standards of the water consumption quotas of all the provinces,which can lay a basis for the study made on the water saving of those industrial sectors with high water consumption.