基于二元水循环的用水总量与用水效率控制研究——以渭河流域为例

Dualistic water cycle based-study on control of total water use and water use efficiency——a case study on Weihe River Basin

以二元水循环理论为基础,以最严格水资源管理制度中的"用水总量"与"用水效率"联合调控为目标,提出"以耗水管理为核心,用水总量与用水效率控制为约束"的理念和思路。分析了用水总量与用水效率控制的概念和关系,构建了基于二元水循环理论的用水总量与用水效率多重调控机制。为实现耗水总量控制,将用水过程划分为水源端的供水和用户端的用水两大环节。由于各类水源到达用户的供水过程存在不同的环节,水量损失有所差异。通过对基于规则的水资源配置模型的改进,建立了水源—用户供水优化模型,重点分析不同水源利用情景对于用耗水总量控制的影响。最后,以渭河流域为例进行了应用分析。

Based on the theory of dualistic water cycle and taking the joint regulation on total water use and water use efficiency defined in the strictest water resources management system as the object,the idea and thinking of that taking the water consumption as the core and the control of total water use and water use efficiency as the restriction are put forward herein. Furthermore,the concept and the relationship between the total water use and the water use efficiency are analyzed,and then a multiple regulation mechanism of both the total water use and the water use efficiency is established on the basis of the theory of dualistic water cycle.In order to realize the control of the total water consumption,the water use process is divided into two parts： the water supply at the terminal of water source and the water consumption at the terminal of water user. Because various links are there within the water supply processes those are from all kinds of water sources to the water users,the water losses are different on a certain scale.Through improving the rule based-water resources allocation model,an optimized model for the water supply from water source to user is established,with which the impacts from the utilizations of various water sources on the total water consumption control are emphatically analyzed. Finally an application analysis is made by taking Weihe River Basin as the study case.