页岩爆破最佳炮孔布置方式试验研究

Experimental Study on the Best Pattern of Blasthole of Shale

为探索页岩爆破的最佳炮孔布置方式,针对页岩的层理特性,在湖北某页岩矿山开采现场设计试验进行研究。选取钻孔效率及爆破后矿岩的平均块度、大块率、块度均匀性等作为评价指标。在相同的爆破参数下,当炮孔及临空面与层理成不同角度时,采用记录钻孔耗时的方法分析比较钻孔施工的难易程度;采用数字图片块度分析软件Split-Desktop处理爆堆照片的方法分析比较爆破效果的差异。试验结果表明:页岩爆破的最佳炮孔布置方式为炮孔与层理垂直,临空面与层理平行。

To explore the optimal pattern of blasthole in shale, the experimental study was carried out based on the characteristic of shale in Hubei province. The drilling efficiency, average lumpiness, boulder yield and lumpiness uniformity were considered as evaluation indexes. The difficulty in the construction of drilling was discussed and com- pared by recording the drilling time. Meanwhile, the blasting effect was analyzed and compared by a digital lumpiness image analysis software Split-Desktop. On the conditions of same blasting parameters, when the angle between the hole were different, the different free faces and the stratification were also obtained. The study showed that the optimal pattern of blasthole of shale was achieved when the hole perpendicular to the stratification and the free face parallel to the stratification.