油母页岩爆破粉矿率的控制技术

Controlling Technique of Powder Ratio in Oil Shale Blasting

为降低油母页岩的爆破粉矿率,提高资源利用率,抚顺东露天矿在油母页岩爆破施工中,通过控制炮孔密集系数、采用孔底和上部空气间隔装药结构、减小填塞长度、孔内外延时起爆技术进行爆破试验,利用Split-Desktop 3.1图像分析软件进行爆破效果分析。结果表明:三角形布孔孔底0.6 m和上部2.6 m的空气间隔装药结构粉矿率较低;三角形与正方形布孔对比正方形最低。该区域的油母页岩体可采用正方形布孔、起爆密集系数为2、孔底0.6 m和上部2.6 m的空气间隔装药结构进行爆破。

In order to reduce the blasting powder ratio in oil shale and to improve resource utilization, some measures as controlling the coefficient of hole-spacing, application of hole-bottom and top with air deck charging, reduction of filling length and delaying blasting technology outside the hole, were used to perform blasting experiments during blasting performing in the east strip open mine of Fushun. The Split-Desktop 3.1 image-analysis software was employed to analyze the blasting effects. The results show that the low powder ratios were obtained when the air deck charging located on 0.6 m at hole-bottom and 2.6 m at the hole-top in triangle hole pattern. Blasting effect from triangle hole pattern was better than square hole layout. According to the rock mass of Oil Shale in blasting area, the blasting parameters were put forward with square hole pattern and reasonable hole-spacing coefficient 2.