装药位置对爆破破冰效果影响的数值分析

Numerical Analysis of Effect of Different Charge Position on Ice Blasting

采用数值模拟的方法研究了炸药装药位置对水下冰凌爆破效果的影响。以黄河防凌破冰试验为基础,采用有限元软件LS-DYNA模拟了炸药在水下不同深度处的爆破破冰效果。模拟结果表明在深度大于4.5 m的水中,药包位于冰下约1.5 m处破冰效果较好;当水深较小时药包的最佳深度相应增加。通过对水压力变化分析,揭示装药深度和水深对爆破效果影响的物理机制。研究结果为防凌破冰设备的研制提供了理论依据。

The numerical simulation method was used to study the effect of explosive position under ice layer on ice breaking. Taking blasting in Yellow River as example, the LS-DYNA was used to simulate the ice breaking effect with explosive under different water depths. The results show that the optimized ice-breaking effect was obtained at the position 1.5 meter under ice layer when the water is deeper than 4.5 meters. When the depth of water became smaller, the position for the better ice-breaking effect would promote. Through the analysis of water pressure change, the physical mechanism of influence of charge position and water depth on the blasting was revealed, which provides theoretical basis for the development of ice-jam breaking equipment.