人的生命存在形式及其教育学意义

Existence of Human Beings and its Pedagogic Meaning

人的生命存在形式有三种:身体、心智与精神。身体生命包含"自在的身体"与"自为的身体"两个维度;心智生命包含心灵与理智两部分;精神生命包含道德生命与超道德生命两层次。身体生命的存在启示我们教育中身体回归的重要性;心智生命的存在启示我们在教育中要关注学生心灵的成长与理性思维的培养;精神生命的存在启示我们道德教育既要以身教的方式培养人格,也需发挥知识与理智的作用,同时应以"内圣外王"作为培养人的最高目标。

Existence of human beings involves three types as body, mind and spirit. Body life includes ＂ body in itself＂ and＂ body for itself＂ whose existence reveals the importance of returning to body; mind life includes soul and reason whose existence reminds us of the growth of the student＇s soul and the cultivation of rational thinking; spirit life includes moral life and super moral life whose existence instructs us to set examples in moral education in cultivating the personality and integrate knowledge and reason to achieve the supreme goal of ＂internal sage and external king＂ in cultivating people.