高抑郁军人情绪词注意偏向特点：基于情绪Stroop任务的实证研究

Attentional bias of soldiers with deep depression to emotional wording: an empirical research based on emotional Stroop paradigm

目的通过情绪Stroop范式探讨高抑郁特质军人对情绪词的注意偏向特点。方法向377名武警战士发放《症状自评量表》(SCL-90)、《状态特质焦虑量表》(STAI)、《流调中心用抑郁量表》(CES-D),排除潜在心理疾病(SCL-90总分超过160分或阳性项目数超过43项)和高焦虑特质(T-AI总分超过50分)的被试后,筛选出14名高抑郁特质(CES-D得分超过20分)被试完成以汉语情感词系统(CAWS)为呈现材料的情绪Stroop任务。对年龄、军龄、教育背景和职别进行1:1匹配后,最终纳入13名高抑郁特质军人和13名低抑郁特质军人的实验数据。所有被试均需进行4轮判断,即两轮"积极组"判断和两轮"消极组"判断。结果两被试情绪区组和情绪词判断的正确率和反应时差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高抑郁组被试"消极组"判断反应时(715.7±103.8ms)明显长于"积极组"判断(639.4±104.1ms,t=2.573,P=0.024),但低抑郁组被试"消极组"判断反应时(672.8±52.4ms)与"积极组"判断(669.2±62.8ms)比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.435,P>0.05)。结论高抑郁特质军人与低抑郁特质军人情绪Stroop任务完成情况无明显差异,但高抑郁特质军人对消极词汇存在注意偏向,而低抑郁特质军人中不存在该现象。

Objective To investigate the attentional bias of highly depressive soldiers to emotional wording with the emotion Stroop paradigm. Methods Three hundred and seventy-seven armed police soldiers completed the Symptom Checklist-90, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale （CES-D）. After eliminating those with potential mental illness with SCL-90 total score over 160, positive project number over 43, and those with high trait of anxiety with TAI score over 50j 14 high depressive soldiers with CES-D score over 20 were selected to perform the emotional Stroop task based on Chinese Affective Words System. Finally, 1：1 matched case-control study was performed on 13 highly depressive soldiers and 13 mildly depressive soldiers matched for age, service length, education background and position. All the subjects were selected to finish the judgment of four blocks, including two positive blocks and two negative blocks. Results The accuracy difference and the reaction time difference in emotion blocks and emotion words between high depressive group and low depressive group were not significant （P〉0.05）. The reaction time of negative block was significantly longer than that of positive block in high depressive group （715.72 ± 103.844 vs 639.42± 104.101, t=2.573, P=0.024）, There was no significant difference in the low depressive group （672.80 ±52.437 vs 669.23 ± 62.836, t=0.435, P〉0.05）. Conclusions High depressive soldiers are not worse than low depressive soldiers in performance of emotional Stroop task. However, high depressive soldiers have attentional bias to negative words, while low depressive soldier have none.