论“屋脊兽”作为中国传统建筑装饰艺术的概念

On Animal Ornaments on House-ridges as Concept of Chinese Traditional Architectural Decorative Art

屋脊兽是中国传统建筑装饰艺术的重要组成部分,其概念深受传统儒、道、佛三家思想的影响,以夸张体系符号化的方式满足了传统人文理念对它的话语冲动。一方面,屋脊兽对传统工艺美术和装饰概念为代表的艺术符号所寻找的情感表达方式进行建构,从而将装饰延伸到精神对象上;另一方面,它作为中国古代诗境概念所表现出意境美学,详细阐释传统美术的定义和它所具有更强的灵活性和兼容性。通过屋脊兽艺术自身理论建构所形成的美学圆融,大大的促使人们依照逻辑思维规律去建构本区域的艺术精神与文化纯洁性,它以特定的造型、形式、颜色、材料等诸多要素来诠释着建筑与个人的趋利避邪、渴望平安吉祥的理想文化诉求之间的内部关系。

Animal ornaments on house-ridges, as an important part of Chinese Traditional Architectural Decorative Art, are deeply affected by the thoughts of Confucian School, Taoist School and Buddhism in the aspect of the concept; they meet the needs of traditional humanity ideas using exaggerated and systematic symbolization method. On one hand, animal ornaments on house-ridges construct the emotional expression way pursued by the art symbolization with the traditional arts and crafts and decoration concept as representation and extend the decoration to the spirit objects; on the other hand, as aesthetic conception expressed by the concepts of Chinese ancient poetic conception, the animal ornaments on house-ridges interpret the definition of traditional arts, the flexibility and compatibility of them in detail. Aesthetic harmony formed through construction of art theory of animal ornaments on house-ridges promotes people to establish the art spirit and purity of culture of their own regions by following logical law of thinking; animal ornaments on house-ridges explain the internal relation between the construction and individual＇s ideal cultural desire to draw on advantages and avoid disadvantages and wish for safety and luck using a variety of specific factors, such as mould, form, color, material.