外科医生职业紧张源分析

Analysis of job stress sources of surgeons

目的探讨引起外科医生职业紧张的主要紧张源。方法采用流行病学调查方法,使用职业紧张测量工具测量职业紧张因素,调查年龄、性别、文化程度、周平均工作时间等资料。数据分析用χ2检验、t检验、方差分析,逐步回归模型分析。结果外科医生组工作控制、工作需求、工作危险、工作责任、物理环境得分高于对照组(P<0.05);工作冲突、角色紧张得分低于对照组(P<0.001)。不同等级医院外科医生紧张因素中三甲医院外科医生组物理环境、工作冲突、行为方式得分高于二甲医院组,工作危险、工作前景、工作心理紧张源得分低于二甲医院组(P<0.05);周工作时间>40 h组工作危险得分高于≤40 h组,工作冲突得分低于≤40 h组(P<0.05)。结论外科医生主要的紧张源为医院等级高、工作需求高、工作责任重及工作冲突多、医患关系紧张。

Objective To investigate the sources of surgeons＇ job stress. Methods Job stress measuring tool was used to measure the job stress factors,such as age,sex,educational level,average weekly working hours etc. The cluster sampling method was used for the survey. SPSS 16. 0 software was used in statistics analysis for t test,chi square test,analysis of variance and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results The results showed that the scores of surgeon group in job requirement,job risk,job responsibility and physical environment were higher than that of the control group,while the scores in job conflict and role strain were lower; the scores of physical environment,work conflicts and behavior in Grade Ⅲ Class A hospital were higher than that in Grade Ⅱ Class A hospital,and job hazards,job prospects and job locus control were lower. The score of job risk of surgons with weekly working time 〉40 h was higher than that with weekly working time ≤40 h,but the score of job conflict was lower. Conclusion This study showed that the main stress sources of surgeons were the high hospital rank,high work requirements,heavy job responsibility,job conflicts,and tense doctor-patient relationship.