所有制性质对新兴产业技术创新效率的影响

Effect of Ownership on Emerging Industrial Technology Innovation Efficiency

针对上海6 816家新兴产业企业数据采用分段规模报酬改进的超效率数据包络分析(DEA)模型,从微观视角探讨不同所有制企业的技术创新效率差异及造成该差异的深层次原因.研究发现,不同所有制性质企业技术创新效率差异明显,其中私有独资等3种所有制企业为高效率,私有合伙等12种为中效率,国有全资等5种为低效率;与已有文献得出的结论不同,外资和中外合资均为低效率,而港澳台资本的技术创新效率普遍较高;基于松弛变量的分析发现,国有全资、集体全资、国有独资和外资在政府科技资助上存在冗余,集体全资、国有全资和外资存在科技经费资源利用不充分的情形.

By using Super-efficiency DEA Model to analysis the survey data of Shanghai 6 816 emerging industries enterprises, the empirical analysis, by the micro perspective, aimed to compare with different forms of ownership efficiencies of technological innovation, and to explore the deep reasons of such differences. The research shows that. Efficiencies of technological innovation obviously vary in different forms of ownerships, among which, the private- owned companies have the high efficiencies of technological innovation~ the private-partnership-owned and other 12 forms have the medium efficiencies; the Sino-foreign joint and other 5 forms have the low efficiencies. The foreign and the Sino- foreign joint are both inefficient while the private-owned generally have the high efficiencies. The solely state-owned,collectively owned, the state-owned and the foreign-owned all have redundancy on governmental R＆D subsidies but they do not fully use them.