氧化应激与奶牛围产期疾病的关系及其作用机制

The Relationship between Oxidative Stress and Diseases in Perinatal Cow and the Mechanism of Oxidative Stress

氧化应激是机体内一种有害的氧化还原失衡状态,是导致疾病的重要因素之一。围产期奶牛由于营养物质摄入不足、能量代谢加快、内分泌激素急剧变化等原因导致能量需求和耗氧量需求增大,活性氧生成增多,进而导致氧化应激的发生及免疫功能下降,疾病易感性的增加。围产期易发的疾病如乳房炎、酮病等都与氧化应激有一定的关联。氧化应激导致疾病易发的原因一方面是通过对生物大分子的直接作用,增加了炎症反应时的组织损伤,另一方面是通过对免疫系统的作用,造成机体免疫机能下降。

Oxidative stress is a redox imbalance state which is harmful to the body, and it is also one of the important factors that lead to diseases. Insufficient nutrient intake, higher energy metabolism rate and dramatic changes of hormone tend to cause the increasement of energy demand and oxygen consumption and increase production of reactive oxygen species,leading to the incidence of oxidative stress, as well as the decline of immune function and the increasing of disease susceptibility. Perinatal cow diseases such as mastitis and ketosis have some relevance to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes the disease through two pathway： one is through direct effects on biological macro molecules, increasing tissue damage during inflammation, and the other is through the role of the immune system, resulting in decreased immune function.