秦昭襄王继位与秦国外戚之争

A Study of Qin Zhaoxiangwang's Succession to the Throne and the Conflicts Among Groups of Female-Side Relatives in the Qin State

秦昭襄王承继王位是在秦国存在的各系外戚联合斗争的结果。昭襄王在自己母族楚系外戚的支持下,由一名在燕国为质的公子归国承继王位,并在继位后依靠魏冉为首的楚系势力,联合另一支存在于秦国的韩系外戚势力,击败异己,巩固了王位。之前在秦国占据优势的魏系外戚势力则在继承人之争中失败,退出了秦国的政治舞台。楚系在秦国的势力由此壮大,虽后有衰落,但影响延及数代。

Zhaoxiangwang＇s succession to the throne of Qin was the result of the coalition and conflicts among many groups of female-side relatives in the state of Qin.With the support of his mother＇s relatives who came from the state of Chu,Zhaoxiangwang came back from the state of Yan,which is far from Qin,and then he succeeded the throne of Qin.After he became the emperor,he used the forces of Chu from female-side relatives led by Wei Ran in alliance with female-side relatives of Han to defeat his opponents and consolidate his power.Female-side relatives who controlled the power before Qin failed in the conflict and disappeared in Qin.Since then,the force of female-side relatives of Chu was increasingly powerful and its influence lasted for several generations even though the power of group declined later.