回归“五四”现场:“五四”时人对“五四”的批评、辩护和反思

Back to the May Fourth Movement:Criticism,Defense and Introspect of the May Fourth Movement by Participants

"五四"的时代特征和历史使命决定了它不可避免地存在着缺点和弊端。"五四"时人早就对"五四"的缺点和弊端有所认识,并进行了即时的批评。这些批评主要来自于对新文化运动寄予厚望的"五四"知识青年和"五四"新思潮的对立阵营,"新青年"领袖在对这些批评进行辩护的同时,也对"五四"的缺点进行了自我批评与自我反省。"五四"当事人因置身于五四时代而对"五四"的影响感同身受,对"五四"的批评、辩护和反思也最有现场感,是后人研究五四运动的重要参考,也是打破"五四"寓言和"五四"神话值得信赖的重要资源。

The time feature and historical mission of the May Fourth Movement inevitably generated in itself some disadvantages which were found and criticized by those involved in the Movement.The criticism was chiefly from the opposing parties who had high expectation to the educated youths and the new thoughts.So,the leaders of the＂New Youth＂had to carry out self-criticism and self-introspection while defending themselves.As they were in and through the Movement,their criticism,defense and self-introspection are most authentic,and hence of important reference for future researchers as well as significant resources that help break the May Fourth prophecy and myth.