城镇化进程中新生代农民工幸福感研究

A Research on the Well-being Sense of the New Generation of Migrant Workers in the Process of Urbanization

采用《新生代农民工幸福感调查问卷》,对439名新生代农民工进行实证调查。结果表明:新生代农民工幸福感的绝对值和相对值均偏低,为"相对不满意";婚姻家庭是他们幸福感的主要支撑;肯定努力和奋斗可以获得幸福是其幸福观;小城市生活有助于他们获得幸福感。同时,运用结构方程模型对新生代农民工的幸福感进行分析,得出影响他们幸福感的主要因素,并据此提出相关建议。即宏观上,深化户籍制度改革,解决身份认同问题,提升新生代农民工的幸福感;中观上,加强构建社会支持网络,促进他们的城镇化融合;微观上,关注他们的心理健康,加强心理疏导,引导宣泄不良情绪。

By using ＂the questionnaire of the well-being sense of the new generation of migrant workers ＂, an empirical survey of 439 new generation of migrant workers is conducted. It comes up with the findings that both the absolute value and the relative value of their sense of happiness were lower, that is, ＂relatively unhappy＂. The result indicates that the marriage and family is the main factor supporting their well-being sense. They believe that they could get happiness with certainly effort and struggle, especially living in small cities. Based on the structural equation model the paper analyzes the sense of well-being of the new generation of migrant workers and finds some main factors influencing their happiness. Relevant suggestions are put forward as follows. On the macro level, the well-being should be enhanced by deepening the reform of the household registration system and solving the problem of identity of the new generation of migrant workers. Furthermore, the fusion of urbanization should be strengthened with the construction of social supporting network. On the micro level, their mental health should be paid great attention to by the help of psychological counseling and bad feelings unleashing.