福州方言现象浅析——兼谈《福州话实用字典》用字规范

An Analysis on the Phenomenon of Fuzhou Dialect——On the Characters Standardize of Fuzhou Dialect Practical Dictionary

福州话是闽都文化的载体,也是闽东方言的代表。在福州方言中,保存了大量古汉语的词汇、语音,对研究古语、古音有着相当重要的意义。目前,在福州方言的使用中,还存在用字、注音不规范,字义的解释不够充分等问题。这些问题多是由于使用者忽视了福州特殊社会历史文化背景而造成的。在上海辞书出版社出版的《福州话实用字典》中,我们已对福州话中的方言词汇做了较多的搜集、整理和辨析工作,通过古籍中的字书、韵书及相关的文献,确定了一批规范的福州方言字。同时,针对福州话中某些有趣的方言现象进行更为深入的探讨研究,无疑具有深刻的意义。

Fuzhou dialect is the carrier of Fuzhou culture, but also on behalf of Fujian dialect. Fuzhou dialect saves a large number of ancient Chinese vocabularies and pronunciation, so the study of archaic and ancient Chinese has a very important significance. Currently, issues of using Fuzhou dia- lect are phonetic irregularities, inadequate literal interpretation and others. These problems are caused by the neglect of the special social and historical background of the Fuzhou. In the Fuzhou Dialect Practical Dictionary published by the Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, we do more in col- lection, collation and analysis on the dialect vocabulary of Fuzhou dialect, a number of specification of the Fuzhou dialect word is determined through the ancient dictionaries, dictionaries and related litera- ture. At the same time, some interesting phenomena in Fuzhou dialect are discussed in depth.