海底天然气水合物及与其有关的地震反射

Marine natural gas hydrate and concerned seismic reflection

天然气水合物可能成为未来石油天然气的替代能源,主要分布在深海沉积物和永久冻土带中,海底天然气水合物蕴藏量约为永久冻土带的9倍。三维地震是研究天然气水合物直观有效的方法,本文在综合现有研究的基础上,系统提出天然气水合物的形成条件及地震识别方法,认为似海底反射(BSR)为天然气水合物底界,顶界为地震速度开始增大的位置,并介绍了与天然气有关的两种(气烟囱、麻坑)特殊地震反射。最后指出利用地震参数、属性对天然气水合物进行定量化研究是今后工作的重点。

Natural gas hydrate will become alternative energy sources of oil and gas in the future. It mainly distributes in deep-sea sediment and permafrost, and the potential of former is about 9 times of the latter. 3-D seismic is the intuitive and effective way to research gas hydrate. Based on existing research, we put forward the formation conditions and seismic recognition technique of gas hydrate. We consider BSR is the bottom of gas hydrate and the top is the beginning of seismic velocity. Then, two kinds of special seismic reflection（gas chimney and pockmark） are recommended. Quantitative studies are the focus of the future research by seismic parameters and attributes.