氮素供应对小麦锌吸收、转运和向籽粒累积影响的研究进展

Research Advances of Effects of Nitrogen Supply on Zinc Absorption, Translocation and Accumulation in Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) Grains

为进一步实现小麦籽粒锌(Zn)营养强化和氮肥(N)优化管理提供参考,归纳了氮素供应对小麦锌吸收、转运和向籽粒累积的影响。得出:(1)氮素供应是否通过增加锌吸收载体数量(如金属转运蛋白ZIPs家族中的类铁调控IRT-like蛋白)提高根系对锌的吸收;是否通过促进木质部中与锌螯合的含氮化合物如尼克酰胺(NA)和有机酸如柠檬酸的合成,或通过提高锌转运载体(如重金属腺苷三磷酸酶HMA和类黄色条纹YSL家族蛋白)的数量促进锌从根系向地上部的转运;是否通过提高NA或YSL的数量促进锌从营养器官向籽粒的再转移,均值得进一步研究。(2)应加强不同形态氮素(如硝态和铵态氮)和叶面喷施的研究,将^(15)N和^(67/68)Zn同位素标记结合定量化深入研究氮素的影响。

In order to provide guidance for wheat grain zinc（Zn） bio-fortification strategies and reasonablemanagements of nitrogen（N） fertilizers, the effects of nitrogen supply on zinc absorption, translocation andaccumulation in wheat（Triticum aestivum L.） grains were summarized in this review. Based on the summary,the authors pointed out that certain topics should be further studied, including whether N supply couldstimulate root Zn uptake by producing more zinc-regulated/iron-regulated transporter-like proteins（ZIPs）,such as the iron-regulated transporter-like protein（IRT-like）; whether more nitrogenous compounds（e.g.nicotianamine（NA））, organic acids（e.g. citrate）, heavy metal ATPase（HMA） family proteins and yellow stripe-like（YSL） transporters could enhance Zn transfer from roots to above-ground parts, and whether more NA andYSL transporters could increase Zn remobilization from vegetative tissues to wheat grains. The authors suggested that researches related to different chemical forms of N（e.g. NH4-N and NO3-N） and foliarapplication should be the focus in the future, and the15 N and67/68 Zn stable isotopes labeling should be appliedto further quantify the effect of N supply.