‘尧麦16’选育过程中白粉病抗性与产量相关性研究

Relationship Between Yield and Resistance to Powdery Mildew in 'Yaomai16' Breeding Process

研究小麦品种选育过程中白粉病和产量之间的互作关系,为育种家在品种选育过程中相关品系的取舍提供参考。在国审品种‘尧麦16’选育过程中,该家系出现不同白粉病抗性和产量的品系。利用白粉抗性不同的‘尧麦16’家系及衍生品系为材料,比较材料间白粉病抗性与产量的差异。4个高代品系的产量三要素差异不显著,但小区产量随着抗白粉程度的降低逐渐提高,较抗病RI16-1依次提高13.2%、16.5%和23.9%。高感RI16-4的衍生品系白粉病反应型略有差异,RI16-4-1和RI16-4-2为3级,RI16-4-3、RI16-4-4、RI16-4-5、RI16-4-6、RI16-4-7和RI16-4-8均为4级;RI16-1的5个衍生平均产量为4.75 kg,而RI16-4高感白粉的6个衍生品系较RI16-1的衍生品系平均增产11.16%,平均产量为5.28 kg,感白粉的衍生品系普遍超过抗白粉衍生品系的产量。综合两年度各品系性状可以看出随着白粉病抗性的降低,不同衍生品系的小区产量随之提高。此外,小区产量整体上呈现产量水平与抗病性具有负相关的趋势。

The paper studies the interaction relationship between powdery mildew and wheat yield in thebreeding process, aiming at offering references for the selection of related strains. During the breeding processof state approved variety‘Yaomai16’, different strains of powdery mildew resistance and yield were found inthis family. The derivates of‘Yaomai16’with different resistances to powdery mildew were used as materialsto compare the difference of powdery mildew resistance and yield. Compared with RI16-1, the plot yield offour high-generation strains was increased in sequence, by 13.2%, 16.5% and 23.9%, respectively, with thedecrease of the resistance to powdery mildew, though the difference among the three elements of the four high-generation strains was not significant. Additionally, RI16-4 reactive derivates were slightly different in theirstrains to powdery mildew, RI16-4-1 and RI16-4-2 were level 3, RI16-4-3, RI16-4-4, RI16-4-5, RI16-4-6, RI16-4-7 and RI16-4-8 were level 4. The average plot yield of five derivate strains from RI16-1 was 4.75 kg, while the average plot yield of six derivate strains from RI16-4 which were highly susceptible to powdery mildew was 5.28 kg, increased by 11.16%. The yields of susceptible derivate strains were higher than those ofresistant strains generally. The two-year characteristics of strains demonstrated that the yield of differentderivatives increased with the decreasing of the powdery mildew resistance. Moreover, the productive outputlevel had a negative correlation with powdery mildew resistance on the overall trend.