河北省柏乡县土地整理项目的碳排放效应研究

Carbon Emission Effect of Land Consolidation Project in Baixiang County of Hebei Province

为研究土地整理项目中的碳排放效应,明确土地整理的碳排放及其测算方法,分析土地整理碳减排潜力,以河北省柏乡县固城店镇土地整理项目区为研究区域,基于能源消费及土地利用变化,采用IPCC清单法,分析土地整理施工工程中包含土地平整工程、灌溉和排水工程、田间道路工程以及农田防护工程4个方面的碳排放及区域土地利用变化导致的碳排放。结果表明:柏乡县土地整理项目能源消费导致的碳排放总量为469.77 t C,土地平整工程的碳排放比例最大,高达78.44%,田间道路工程及灌溉和排水工程分别占15.69%,5.86%。从单位投资额碳排放量和单位投资比率的碳排放比例上看,田间道路工程和灌溉与排水工程投资的生态效应优于土地平整工程。柏乡县土地整理导致的土地利用变化使得区域土壤和植被碳储量增加了748.58 t C,其中未利用土地的碳储量变化最大。土地利用结构调整后增加的碳储量是整个施工过程中的碳排放量的1.59倍。柏乡县土地整理后项目区碳储量增加了278.81 t C,表现出碳汇效应。研究结果表明,为了降低土地整理的碳排放量,应当减少土地平整工程量,提倡使用清洁型燃料,并优先考虑碳密度较低的地类作为耕地来源,并在耕种过程中减少化肥和农药施用量,提高耕地产能。

To analyze land use change in LCP（Land Consolidation Project）, develop a method to assess theeffects of LCP on carbon emission, and assess the carbon emission in LCP, Baixiang County in Hebei Provincewas taken as the study area to assess the effects of carbon emissions on LCP. Based on energy consumption andland use change, carbon emission inventory methods were used to analyze the carbon emission caused byenergy consumption in land leveling, irrigation and drainage, road construction, farmland protection and landuse changes. The results showed that the total carbon emission caused by energy consumption was 469.77 t C.Land leveling project was a major source of carbon emission, accounting for 78.44% of the total carbonemission of engineering construction, country road engineering and irrigation and drainage engineeringaccounted for 15.69% and 5.86% of the total carbon emission, respectively. From the view of carbon emissionper unit investment quantity and carbon emission rate of investment proportion, ecological benefit of the country road engineering and irrigation and drainage engineering were better than that of land leveling project.Land use change caused by land consolidation in Baixiang County made regional vegetation and soil carbonstorage increase 748.58 t C, and carbon storage change of unused land was the largest. The increment of carbonstorage caused by land use change was 1.59 times more than carbon emission in the entire constructionprocess. And after the implementation of land consolidation project, carbon storage increased 278.81 t C,showing the effect of carbon sink. Based on these results, the suggestions including decreasing the quantity ofland leveling project, reducing the consumption of fossil fuels, advocating using clean fuel and choosing newcultivated land which had lower carbon densities were put forward to decrease the carbon emission. Inaddition, more organic fertilizer, fewer pesticides and chemical fertilizers should be used to raise soil fertility.